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5-ethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione
Phenobarbital is a barbiturate with sedative and anticonvulsant effects. It enhances the action of the neurotransmitter GABA at the GABA-A receptor, leading to inhibition of neuronal activity. The substance is primarily used for the treatment of epilepsy and has a moderate risk for dependence and adverse effects. Due to its mechanism of action, phenobarbital can lead to severe central nervous system depression in cases of overdose.
Receptor Targets
Mechanism of Action
Designations
IUPAC: 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-barbituric acid
Legal Status
Legal status not verified by official sources. Please check current legislation independently.
Information without guarantee. Not legal advice.
Receptor Profile
Der NMDA-Rezeptor ist ein ionotroper Glutamatrezeptor, der eine zentrale Rolle bei synaptischer Plastizität, Lernen und Gedächtnisbildung spielt. Er benötigt sowohl Glutamat als auch Glycin als Co-Agonisten zur Aktivierung.
Der AMPA-Rezeptor ist ein ionotroper Glutamatrezeptor, der die schnelle exzitatorische synaptische Übertragung im ZNS vermittelt. Er arbeitet eng mit NMDA-Rezeptoren bei der synaptischen Plastizität zusammen.
Synapedia Evidence
Effects & Pharmacology is partially translated. Some content may appear in German.
Phenobarbital wirkt als ein langwirksames Barbiturat, das die GABA-A-Rezeptoren im zentralen Nervensystem aktiviert und dadurch die neuronale Erregbarkeit verringert.
Known Effects
Individual effects may vary significantly. These are pharmacologically documented effects.
Total duration 6-12 hours
Peak
2-4 hours
Onset
30-60 minutes
Total duration
6-12 hours
Start low. Individual sensitivity varies.
Dose sensitivity varies greatly between individuals. Body weight, tolerance, route of administration, combinations, and pre-existing conditions significantly affect outcomes. These figures are not dosing recommendations — they describe reported ranges, not safe amounts.
Risks
Summary
Kann zu Abhängigkeit führen, Überdosierung ist möglich.
Safer Use
The risks listed may be incomplete. Especially for research chemicals and rare substances, available data is limited.
Interaction details from the knowledge layer are still being translated.
Interaction data is based on known mechanisms. Unknown or rare interactions are possible and may be life-threatening.
Based on substance class, receptors, mechanisms, and effect profile.
This information is for scientific and harm-reduction purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice.
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