Synapedia

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Phenytoin

Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant from the group of hydantoin derivatives, primarily acting through the blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels. It stabilizes neuronal membranes and is primarily used for the treatment of epilepsy. Side effects may include neurological and dermatological reactions, necessitating careful monitoring.

Antiepileptika
Antidepressiva
Natriumkanäle
Calciumkanäle

Mechanism of Action

  • GABA-A modulator
  • Na+ channel blocker

Names / Identifiers

IUPAC: Phenytoin

phenytoin
5,5-DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN
57-41-0
Diphenylhydantoin
5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
Phenytoine
Zentropil
Lepitoin
Diphantoin
Dilabid

Mechanism of Action

Phenytoin wirkt hauptsächlich durch die Hemmung von spannungsabhängigen Natriumkanälen, was zu einer Stabilisierung der neuronalen Membran führt und die Erregbarkeit von Neuronen verringert.

Effects

antikonvulsiv
stabilisierend
sedierend
analgetisch
kardiovaskulär
neuroprotektiv

Effects described from scientific sources. Individual experiences vary.

Dosage

Safety NoteConsider individual variation, start at a low dose, no medical advice.

Individual sensitivity varies. Not a dosage recommendation.

Duration

Peak1-2 hours
NotesDuration of action may vary depending on individual metabolism.
Onset30-60 minutes
Total6-12 hours
After EffectsVariable, may include fatigue.

Risks & Warnings

Warnings

  • Pregnancy
  • Liver diseases

Known Risks

  • medium
  • Mögliche Nebenwirkungen umfassen Schwindel, Übelkeit und allergische Reaktionen.

Safer Use

  • Regular blood tests to monitor liver function.
  • Slow dose adjustment to avoid side effects.

Harm reduction tips do not replace medical advice.

Known Interactions

  • May interact with other antiepileptics.
  • Interactions with certain antidepressants possible.

This list is not exhaustive. Interactions can have unpredictable effects.

Legal Status

ATVerschreibungspflichtig
CHVerschreibungspflichtig
DEVerschreibungspflichtig
USVerschreibungspflichtig
NotesPhenytoin ist ein verschreibungspflichtiges Medikament zur Behandlung von Epilepsie.

Not legal advice. Status may change.