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[(1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl] (2S)-3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate
Hyoscyamine is a substance from the class of tropanes. Further information will follow after enrichment.
Translation in progress
The German version has more complete content. This English page is being expanded; safety-critical risk and interaction sections may still appear while translation continues.
Receptor Targets
Mechanism of Action
Hyoscyamine acts through the following pharmacological mechanisms:
Designations
IUPAC: (2S)-3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-propionic acid [(1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl] ester
Legal Status
Legal status not verified by official sources. Please check current legislation independently.
Information without guarantee. Not legal advice.
Receptor Profile
Der Serotonintransporter (SERT/5-HTT) ist ein Natrium-abhängiger Monoamintransporter, der Serotonin aus dem synaptischen Spalt zurück in die präsynaptische Zelle transportiert. Er ist das primäre Ziel von SSRI und MDMA.
Der Dopamintransporter (DAT) ist ein Natrium-abhängiger Monoamintransporter, der Dopamin aus dem synaptischen Spalt entfernt. Er ist ein zentrales Ziel von Stimulants und spielt eine Schlüsselrolle im Belohnungssystem.
Der M1-Muskarinrezeptor ist ein Gq/11-gekoppelter Acetylcholinrezeptor, der eine zentrale Rolle bei Kognition und Gedächtnis spielt. Antagonismus kann Verwirrtheit, Gedächtnisstörungen und anticholinerges Delir verursachen.
Der M2-Muskarinrezeptor ist ein Gi/Go-gekoppelter Acetylcholinrezeptor, der als Autorezeptor die Acetylcholinfreisetzung reguliert und am Herzen negativ chronotrop und dromotrop wirkt.
Der M3-Muskarinrezeptor ist ein Gq/11-gekoppelter Acetylcholinrezeptor, der glatte Muskelkontraktion, Drüsensekretion und Pupillenverengung vermittelt. Antagonismus verursacht Mydriasis, Mundtrockenheit und Harnretention.
Synapedia Evidence
Effects & Pharmacology is partially translated. Some details are still being expanded.
Known Effects
Individual effects may vary significantly. These are pharmacologically documented effects.
Total duration 6-12 hours
Peak
1-2 hours
Onset
30-60 minutes
Total duration
6-12 hours
After effects
2-4 hours
Start low. Individual sensitivity varies.
Dose sensitivity varies greatly between individuals. Body weight, tolerance, route of administration, combinations, and pre-existing conditions significantly affect outcomes. These figures are not dosing recommendations — they describe reported ranges, not safe amounts.
Risks
Summary
Mögliche Nebenwirkungen sind Verwirrtheit, Halluzinationen und Herzrasen.
Safer Use
The risks listed may be incomplete. Especially for research chemicals and rare substances, available data is limited.
Interaction details from the knowledge layer are still being translated.
Interaction data is based on known mechanisms. Unknown or rare interactions are possible and may be life-threatening.
Based on substance class, receptors, mechanisms, and effect profile.
This information is for scientific and harm-reduction purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice.
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